ABSTRACT
Background:A novel corona virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 was first reported in Wu- han city of China.The spectrum of clinical presentation of COVID 19 is highly variable,infections range from being asymp- tomatic to severe viral pneumonia with respiratory failure often leading to death.some patients found to be additionally infected with a secondary bacterial infection with 50% fatalities due to the COVID 19 caused by untreated or untreata- ble secondary bacterial infection in the lungs.Secondary bacterial infections develop in patients during or after initial infection. Methods:The study was conducted in Microbiology laboratory from the samples received from Government general hospital, Kurnool medical college,Kurnool.Patients were investigated for detection of secondary bacterial infection of respiratory tract using the conventional methods.Cough out sputum was collected and cultured on different media to support the growth of the bacteria. After incubation,formed colonies on the media were identified using gram staining and other biochemical tests.Antimocrobial susceptibility testing then done on isolated organisms according to standard CLSI guidelines. Results:Among 60 samples obtained, commonest organisms isolated are Staphylococcus aurues (35%), Streptococcus pneumonia (23%),Klebsiella (16%),Pseudomonas (8%),Acimetobacter (6%). Antibiotic susceptibility done in order to see multidrug resistant organisms. Conclusions:Secondary bacterial infections play a critical role in the morbidity and mortality rates of patients initially falling ill with pulmonary viral disease. Need for the study is to isolate the organism causing secondary bacterial infec- tion, there antibiotic susceptibility in order to give appropriate treatment, to avoid drug resistance and to improve the quality of life.
ABSTRACT
Background: Sars CoV-2 a novel strain of coronavirus was first detected in december 2019 in wuhan city of china.The virus has spread globally and was characterized as pandemic by WHO.Combination of several diagnostic methods not only improve early detection of the disease but also useful in assessing the disease severity. Methods:RNA of SARSCoV-2 was extracted from NPS (NasoPharyngealSwab) samples by using Qiagen viral RNA extrac- tion kit.The RTPCR tests were performed with primers and probes targeting Rdrp gene and N gene and results were quantified as cycle threshold (ct) values.Chest CT of RTPCR positive patients was evaluated in a period from 21/07/20 to 31/07/20.The chest CT severity sore is ranged from 0-25.CT severity score 1-8 is mild, 9-15 is moderate & 16-25 is se-vere. Whereas cycle threshold (ct) value below 24 is low ct, 25-30 is moderate ct, 30-35 is high ct.High ct Value indicates low viral load and low ct value indicates high viral load. Results:Out of 240 covid positive patients,94(39.1%) were out patients who are asymptomatic,98 (40.8%) were ad- mitted in covid wards with symptoms& 48(20%) patients were admitted in covid ICU with comorbid conditions and breathlessness.The viral load was significantly high in out patients(i,e RTPCR ct value is low)with no findings on chest CT scan.Among 48 patients in covid ICU wards 19(7.9%)patients were died and in remaining 29 patients,the CT severity score is from moderate to severe(i,e9-25) with high ct value(i,e low viral load) and the CT severity score was mild to moderate(1-15) in patients admitted in covid wards with high ct value of RTPCR. Conclusions:Viral load i,e ct value of RTPCR is not significant in assessing the severity of infection but it is important in detecting the early stages of the covid19 to decrease the spread of the disease. Whereas chest CT severity score is use- ful in identifying the cases that need emergency medical treatment.